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19th Ersatz Division (German Empire)
The 19th Ersatz Division (''19. Ersatz-Division'') was a unit of the German Army, in World War I.〔From the late 1800s, the Prussian Army was effectively the German Army, as during the period of German unification (1866-1871) the states of the German Empire entered into conventions with Prussia regarding their armies. Only the Bavarian Army remained fully autonomous and came under Prussian control only during wartime.〕 The division was formed on the mobilization of the German Army in August 1914.〔(19. Ersatz-Division (Chronik 1914/1918) )〕 The division was disbanded in 1919, during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I.
==Formation and recruitment==
The 19th Ersatz Division was formed on mobilization from 11 brigade replacement battalions (''Brigade-Ersatz-Bataillone''). Each brigade replacement battalion was numbered after its parent infantry brigade, and was formed with two companies taken from the replacement battalion of each of the brigade's two infantry regiments. One brigade replacement battalion was formed by three regiments. Thus, collectively, the 11 brigade replacement battalions represented troop contributions from 23 different infantry regiments.
The units of the 21st Mixed Ersatz Brigade were raised from the VI Army Corps area, which covered most of the Prussian Province of Silesia. These units were disbanded after the opening fighting in Lorraine, with their troops sent to other units in mid-September 1914. Alternatively, it is possible that the brigade remained in Silesia and was attached to the 4th Landwehr Division. The sources are in conflict. 〔 1 Weltkrieg & Cron have the brigade with 19th Ersatz Division on mobilization; other sources imply that it was with the 4th Landwehr Division. 〕 On 26 August the brigade was with the 4th Landwehr Division in the east. 〔 2 Weltkrieg, Anlage 1 〕 The other two brigades of the division were from the Kingdom of Saxony. The units of the 45th Mixed Ersatz Brigade were raised from the XII (1st Royal Saxon) Corps area, which covered eastern Saxony. The units of the 47th Mixed Ersatz Brigade were raised from the XIX (2nd Royal Saxon) Corps area, which covered western and southern Saxony. Thus, after the dissolution of the 21st Mixed Ersatz Brigade, the division became a fully Saxon unit.〔Hermann Cron et al., ''Ruhmeshalle unserer alten Armee'' (Berlin, 1935); Hartwig Busche, ''Formationsgeschichte der deutschen Infanterie im Weltkrieg 1914/1918'' (1998).〕
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